crusherX-Live! Tutorial again on KVR!

[freq]

Dear friends of strange sound!

Under this topic i like to post again a crusherX-Live! tutorial that was made by a student of mine in 2002. So please forgive about our poor english! It was original posted at an older yahoo newsgroup. The tutorial is about 47 steps long and from time to time i will post a few of them here.

You can download all crusherX-Sheets regarding the steps from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

You can use the free demo version that you can download from http://www.crusher-x.de to import the sheets and here the sounds.

Hope that you will have fun using the crusher,
best wishes
Joerg

[freq]

This is the crusherX-Live! Tutorial (c) by büro </stelkens> 2002

Step: 001-MIDI

Skill: medium

Topic: As an appetizer: Teasing your MIDI-Soundcard with the PM-Field without starting the crushers DSP-Engine


Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

This is a nice sample that demonstrate the PM-Field- and MIDI-Capabilities of the crusher.

Steps

- Start the crusher
- You don’t need to start the engine (just leave it in STOP Mode)
- Create a new crusher-sheet
- Select New|New 2 (Mute)

- Setup a MIDI-Setting that let the PM-Field hacking into the soundcards MIDI-Synth:
- Select Crusher|MIDI Setup (or Press the Ctrl-F6
- Select General
- Choose MIDI Output: Microsoft GS Wavetable SW
- Select Key-Groups
- Press New: A new entry is born, let it as it is
- Press again New: A second entry is born, select that entry,
- Chosse Action: PM-Field Y, the entry in the list changes
- Select Channel: 10 for this entry
- Press OK

- Setup up the PM-Field:
- Set Speed and Bowl Fader to the middle

- Move the ball and hear the result.
- If you don't hear anything you have to increase the SW-Synthesizer Level in the Windows-Mixer
- Save the crusher-sheet, the MIDI Setting is saved together with the sheet, don't worry about it.
- If you close the crusher the MIDI Setting is saved into the crusherxlive.crx file (in the registerd version) and loaded again if you start the crusher

- But to load the MIDI-Setting again if you had changed the MIDI-Setup,
you have to enable an option bevore loading the crusher-sheet:
- Select Edit | Options to enter the Option Dialog
- Select Load/Undo Tab
- Check MIDI-Settings: In the next load the MIDI-Setup is now overwrited by the MIDI-Setup saved in the crusher-sheet
- Press OK


Whats goin on?

You created a MIDI-Entry for the PM-Field X and PM-Field Y Controller. If the Controller is moved MIDI-Key-Date is generated in different MIDI-Channels (1 and 10). This data forces the soundcard synthesize the sound.

If you have a MIDI-Keybard attached and selected this in the MIDI-Dialog - General - MIDI-Input Device, then you can control the ball with the Keys.

How to create other sounds?

To setup other sounds you have to send MIDI-Program Change Messages to it. For that you have to create Program Change Controllers entries in the Controllers Section of the MIDI-Dialog. Try it! The sample File has assigned this entries to the Cloud Speed and the Cloud Depth Fader. Now you can select the X sound with the Cloud Speed Fader and the Y sound with the Cloud Depth Fader.

And what's the sence?

Now you can imagine how to control external MIDI-Devices with the PM-Field! May be you like to increase the size of the PM-Field by increase the Interface-Scale-Option (Edit| Options - Interface - Interface Scale)


(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

This is the crusherX-Live! Tutorial (c) by bureo stelkens 2002

Step: 002-install

Skill: easy

Topic: How to install that beast and how to solve installation problems

How to install the crusher? You may be bothered by this question because you have already a stable system running. But on looking at the support history i see many people having problems with their windows configuration. And often the installation of the crusher detects the sleeping problems because the crushers display and audio-engines puts haevy loads on the system (In some cases this is the first time the pc have to work!)

But don’t expect tips like "What is the best system to process audio". I really don’t know! Better you ask this the web. I think the best system has to be cheap and have to work. And: There are two very usefull hints:

"Don’t change a running system"

and definitive the essential:

"Don’t solve problems that you don’t have!"

But let us start from the begin: You have downloaded the cxlxxx.zip (xxx means version number e.g. 3.50) File from www.crusher-x.de or other sites. Ok, i heard about no one who has problems unzipping a file. But if you have trouble you might have a wrong download. It seems that in some cases the download fails in the middle of transfer and the zip-file is only partial. In such a case you have to download again.

After unzipping you have a cxlSetupxxx.exe file that is the crusher installer. Just start the setup file and follow the instructions. You might want to install the crusher into an other than the default folder. Just choose it during the installation process.

Note: There are *no* files during installation that are copied into your windows folder or elsewhere on your system. Only the destination folder is used.

Tip: If you like you can move the whole folder after installation. You have only adapt the shortcut links afterward. After moving the folder the uninstall program might not find the installation. Just throw the hole thing into the garbage basket if you don’t need it any more; That's all.

But Warning! Don’t dismantle the folder structure inside destination folder. crusher needs its files around him like you need your friends. In version 2.40 i added a test-routine on startup so that the crusherxlive.exe detects if its inside his family! And: Don’t mix different versions! You may install them in different folders.

Many people ask me on which equipment the crusher is tested and developed:

- Athlon Thunderbird 900MHz, WinME and Win2000,
Sound: Midi-Man Lagoon 8-Channel Digital I/O ASIO, Soundblaster Live, Onboard Via Sound
- Athlon Duron 900MHz, WinXP, Onboard No-Name Sound
- Natcomp Laptop, Pentium III, 1.1 GHz, WinME

for testing:
- Pentium MMX, 200 MHz, Win95, DirectX 6.0
- ACER Laptop, Celeron 360 MHz, Win98

On all Systems under Win95, Win98, Win2000, WinME and WinXP the crusher worked fine even if there are more than one Soundcards driven via DirectX.

There are about 20 crusher-Betatester with several usual and unusual Systems and i try to fix the problems they have with the crusher bevore release a new version.

And good news for registered people: Im working on an update system for registered users. In about a month it is online. You dont need to reinstall new versions, call for a new key, ect... You only have to download and apply an updater program, thats all...

After starting the crusher the setup of the sound and MIDI system has to be done. There are many problems waiting to be solved,

but this is an other story so stay tuned...

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

This is the crusherX-Live! Tutorial (c) by buero stelkens 2002

Step: 003-ASIO and DirectX

Skill: easy

Topic: Talk about ASIO and DirectX

If you have installed the crusher and start it the first time you have to decide which Audio Engine you like to use. Use either DirectX or ASIO by choosing the corresponding Setup-Dialog.

Under Windows there are three different systems which can be used by applications to access the sound devices: MME, DirectX and ASIO. The oldest one is the MME. It is the most compatible software interface but it have a very bad performance. Bad performance means long latency. Latency means the time a sound sample needs to go thru the hole system: From the soundcards input to the windows system, thru the program, back to the system and the soundcards output. MME has latencies about 750ms. Because this is too bad for a real time synth the crusher does not support that device. (You can use it if you use a trick under ASIO, I’ll describe this later).

The next better interface is the DirectX system. It allows latency about 75ms. From Win98 up DirectX is already installed together with Windows. Under Win95 you have to install it manually: http://microsoft.com/directx/

You might like to update the DirectX version if you have problems, but if you dont have any problems you should better not changing the system (think about the rules in the last tutorial!).

Because Microsoft DirectX system does’nt allows a proper synchronized multichannel access and because of its even bad latencies the company steinberg (The makers of the sequencer cubase) invents the ASIO interface. The ASIO interface description allowes an unlimited number of synchronized channels, any avaiable Samplerate and Bufferwidth (16, 24, 32 bit etc) and latencies up to 2ms or 3ms. Now realtime is really available and you can use softsynths like real instruments. But: The soundcard has to comes with special ASIO Drivers. In most cases only the better and expensive soundcards have such drivers.

The crusher supports two independent engines: The DirectX and the ASIO. If one fails you might want to use the other. Then you first start the crusher DirectX interface is active. If you have an ASIO soundcard you should use the ASIO Drivers.

TIP:

If you press the Start button the desired interface is activated. If the system breaks together (blue-screen, etc.) after that action you have a bad DirectX installation or a bad installed soundcard. You should update your DirectX! and check the soundcards windows driver. Sometimes this behavior is caused by interrupt or other ressource problems of the soundcard. Please check the hardwaresetup dialog.

By selecting the desired Setup Dialog the corresponding engine is enabled. The selected engine is shown in the CPU Window. Please choose the desired Setup from the Crusher | Audio Setup menu.

TIP:

If you have a soundcard that neither supports DirectX nor ASIO you should install the MME-ASIO Driver from Steinberg. To do this you can install a Demo-Version (e.g. Cubase) from http://www.steinberg.de.

ASIO Setup

Choose the desired ASIO Driver. You will see some Information about the driver in the info box. If there is an unsupported format shown, please report this to us. We will solve the problem!

If your system has enough power, choose the 44100Hz Sampling Rate option.

PC 400MHz and above: 44100Hz
PC 300MHz and below: 22050Hz

If your ASIO Driver supports an Option Dialog you can open it by pressing the Option Button. Note: If the ASIO Driver doesn't support this Dialog nothing will happen if you press this button.


NOTE:
Under Win XP there is a bug with the "ASIO DirectX Driver" from steinberg. Pressing the option will crash the system... (this is not my fault

If the selected ASIO Device has many channels it can be useful to select the first Input- or Output-Channel that should be occupied. From that channel up the ASIO-Engine tries to get the next 2 input channels and the next 10 output channels.

All settings in this dialog will be saved after closing and will reload next time you start crusher-X.


DirectX Setup

If your system allows full duplex input and output, please choose an input device from the Devices tab so you can use crusher-X as a real-time effects unit. You can select more than one Stereo Output Device to use the additional multichannel outputs from the crusher.

If your system has enough power, choose the 44100Hz Sampling Rate option.

PC 400MHz and above: 44100Hz
PC 300MHz and below: 22050Hz

If you using DirectX you must setup the Windows Mixer !!!!!!

Use the Mixer buttons on the right of the DirectX-Setup dialog to setup the Windows mixer. If you use more than one sound device, you will have to assign the desired mixer to the specified device (see Options in the Windows mixer menu).

If you use an input device, you should pull up the record master volume and one or more sources (e.g. Mic) in the Windows mixer. For the output device, pull up the master volume and the Wave Volume. In some cases you may have to unmute the desired channels in the Windows mixer.

If the Windows mixer doesn't appear when you press Mixer, you will have to open the Windows mixer manually. Make sure that you have opened the Wave line out in the Volume Control of your specified sound device. Open one Source (e.g. Mic) in the Recording Control for the real-time input. If you have more than one soundcard installed, you'll need to assign the mixer to the corresponding device.

Optimize Performance under DirectX

To optimize performance, you should set the device buffer size for your soundcard. To reduce the delay between input and output you should optimize the buffer by decreasing it until the overload sign flashes. If this occurs choose a bigger buffer size and press Apply. You can leave the DSP running while adjusting the buffers. Good soundcards under recent versions of Windows allow a minimal delay of about 0.020 sec.

Select the Power of the DSP Thread. If it is high it is not interrupted by interface actions. Use this for slower systems if you like to have good sound quality. But the interface reactions becomes a bad performance on slower Systems. "Weak" means faster Interface reaction, but DSP-Thread may be interrupted on slower Systems. Please use it if you like to use crusher-X together with other applications like sequencers.

All settings in this dialog will be saved after closing and will reload next time you start crusher-X.

Startup Errors with DirectX

If you get a DirectX error message, you may have to close other applications that are using the soundcard. To remedy startup errors, go to the Crusher DSP | DSP Setup dialog: Try other input or output combinations or other modes. Press Apply and start the DSP again by clicking Start DSP.

NOTE:

Most of the reported startup errors in crusher-X result from an improperly installed Sound System or old drivers that are not supported by DirectX! Please try also the ASIO Setup, even if you have no special ASIO-Soundcard. In this case you can use Steinbergs DirectX- and MME-ASIO Drivers.

crusher-X is a real-time application that takes advantage of the DirectX interface, so please verify that you are using certified DirectX drivers in your Windows system! Check for DirectX drivers by opening the DirectX panel inside the Windows Control Panel. If there is no DirectX panel then you may need to install a new DirectX version from the DirectX page: http://microsoft.com/directx/

If there is no DirectX driver available, then try newer versions of regular Windows drivers. DirectX will try to emulate the functions in a special software layer.

Use another sound application to check the input and output functions: in Cool Edit you can check the duplex mode by recording and monitoring a file simultaneously.

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

This is the crusherX-Live! Tutorial (c) by buero stelkens 2002

Step: 004-Options

Skill: medium

Topic: Take a quick look at the Option Dialog

Let us start looking at the option dialog to setup the crusher for the first time:

Under the Edit | Options you find the Option Dialog of the crusher. Here you can setup the overall-settings of the program:

Tab: Setup

You can use the buttons on the left side to have a quick access to the dialogs of the audio engine, Midi, Joystick and Limiter. These are the same dialogs that you find in the Crusher-Menu. Last step we discussed the using of the ASIO and Direct-X engine.

On the right site you find two checkboxes:

Auto-Start

Use the Auto-Start Option to let the crusher automatic starting after opening the application. This is very useful for art installations where crusher is launched by the Windows Autostart Folder.

Morph on Out Volume

Use the Morph on Out Volume checkbox if you wish to have the morphing also on the Output Faders. During Live-Operation it is better to have direct access to the output volume and have no morphing-delay on the changes. If you like to have smoother morphing between two crusher-sheets (e.g. by using the load-list) it is useful to check this box: Now the morphing applies also to the output-volume.

Tab: Directories

During loading a crusher-sheet the audio-files (wav-files) are searched in the following sequence:

- In the original position, stored in the crusher-sheet
- In the directory of the crusher-sheet
- In the directories that are defined in the "Searching WAV-Files in:" Box
- In the directory of the application

On loading a loadlist the crusher-sheets (crx-files) are searched in the following sequence:
- In the original position, stored in the loadlist
- In the directory of the loadlist
- In the directories that are defined in the "Searching CRX-Files in:" Box
- In the directory of the application

In both boxes you can enter a list of directories. Seperate them with a ; or use the browse-dialog by pressing the browse-button. The search order of the directories can be changed by drag and drop the entries of the listbox.

Tab: Load/Undo

It seems that the settings on the right side in this section may confuse many people because it is a little bit different from the concept of other programs like e.g. Cubase. But if you once understand the meaning, the settings are very helpful during saving and loading of the crusher-sheets:

Remember: Every setup values are stored on saving in each crusher-sheet. Not only the values of the faders but also e.g. the current midi- and joystick setup, the Limiter settings and the positions of the Windows. You can imagine a saving of a sheet as an snapshot on all settings of the crusher. Only on loading a crusher-sheet you decide with the checkboxes which settings you really want to be overwritten. So you can think about the checkboxes as a filter: On Loading of a crusher-sheet the filter says which setup should be overwrite. If you check all the boxes, all settings are restored after loading a crusher-sheet.

Attention:
You can imagine that it is a bit dangerous to enable the MIDI-Settings checkbox, because your current settings are lost on loading an other crusher-sheet.

And this are the functions:

If you don't want the loading of a crusher-sheet to overwrite your midi settings, then disable the option MIDI Settings

If you don't want the loading of a crusher-sheet to overwrite your joystick settings, then disable the option Joystick Settings

If you don't want the window arrangement loaded with the crusher-sheets then disable the option Window Positions.

If you don't want the loading of a crusher-sheet to overwrite your limiter settings, then disable the option Limiter Settings

To override this settings on loading a sheet check the Save check with sheets option bevore saving a crusher sheet. On loading such a crusher sheet, the desired loads will be done even if the above checkboxes are unchecked. With this method you can create a sheet that forces e.g. a special MIDI-Setup.

But use this function with care!

On the left side there is only one checkbox:

If you want Undo/Redo functions also at changes that comes from MIDI or Joystick, check the MIDI & Joystick option.

On normal MIDI operations this checkbox should be unchecked.

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

This is the crusherX-Live! Tutorial (c) by buero stelkens 2002

Step: 005-sine

Skill: easy

Topic: DCO-Frequencys

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: The first, and very essential step will be the pure sine-tone! So, we will create a sine-tone as the base for most other tutorials!


* first of all, we will reset all knobs. To do so, you have to open „file"-„new"-„new 1(Reset), or simply press the shortcut Ctrl+1.
* make sure that you are not in the „newbie" mode, that „morphing“ is on 0.01, that the „diect generator outputs“ are down and that only the „thru“, the „dco“ (where the sine gets from!) and the „out sliders, of the mixer are up, the rest should be down!
* press the „start"-button, or go to the „crusher"-menu and press „DSP Start".
* you will hear an 440hz sine-tone.
* perhaps you will wonder why there is such a clear sine-tone whether you see „cos" in your „dco" window. But you might know that sine and cosine have the same form. They simply differ in the starting point. Cos is delayed by 1/2π.

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

This is the crusherX-Live! Tutorial (c) by buero stelkens 2002

Step: 006-schwebung

Skill: easy

Topic: DCO-Frequencys

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: this tutorial is based on tutorial1-sine! we will go a step further and add two sine-tones and descover a special physical effect!

* the first step is, to repeat step005, so that you get a clear sine-tone with 440hz! Read the the tutorial one and go through the steps!
* then look at the dco window and press the button „2"!
* now you are able two create a second sound source.
* now change the „volume "-slider to 0db. This can be done by the dragging the mouse, or pushing the mouse on the „volume "-font
* so now, you will hear that the tone got louder, so please go to the „mixer" window and pull down „out1L" and „out2R", so that you hear the tone without any distortion.
* you will also recognize that amplitude got smaller, in the „oscillograph"-window. If you dont see that window, you may open it with the shortcut „shift-F4" or go to the „windows"-menu and push on „show/hide oscillograph".
* now, let's go back to the „dco"-window. So now we will change the frequency of the second oscillator. To do that, you have to klick in the textfield and write the number in it and press return. To hear our effect, you should write a number near by the frequency of the first oscillator, for example 450hz.
* now you will hear and see the physical effect of „schwebung"
* you may change the frequency closer to the dco1 frequency and test what happens!

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

This is the crusherX-Live! Tutorial (c) by buero stelkens 2002

Step: 007-math with tones1

Skill: easy

Topic: DCO-Frequencys

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: now we will learn to combine different tones to a chord. so we will need a little bit of maths, because we have to translate the frequencies to the tone-systems!

* all we need, for that exercice, is the „dco"-window with it's four oscillators.
* and we will start once again with the 440hz tone from step005-sine
* as i mentioned before, the 440hz tone is an „a". or more pracise, it's an „a1".
* as you may suppose, we now simply need to take the other three oscillators, tune a little with the freq. and we will receive a chord!
* so, you are right, but do you know where a „c" is, for example?
* sure, you could test it out, and hear, at which point you get clear chords. And if you use the effect of „schwebung", you will receive good results. But you wont know whats the tone named, if you arent beethoven, which could listen to melodies and recognice the whole song, and play it...
* so we need a little bit of mathmatics in that place. But dont be afraid, it's really simple!
* the space between two halftones is: x*2 pow(1/12)
* x is, the lower halftone. The result is the higher halftone.
* the faktor, with which you have to multiply the lower tone is: 1,05949309
* for example, if you want an octave, you simply need to double the frequency: 440hz*2=880hz
* for everything, in between, you will need the sum. For that problem, you get tables, or lists...
* so we start with the „a1". And the easiest equation is to double the 440hz, and so we receive 880hz. The secound tone is so called „a2".
* the „a1" we have from tutorial1. for the secound, we need to push „2" in the „dco" window and write 880hz, and press return. After that you have to click on volume, ore adjust the slider to zero, so that you hear the two tones together!

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

This is the crusherX-Live! Tutorial (c) by buero stelkens 2002

Step: 008-math with tones2

Skill: easy

Topic: DCO-Frequencys

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: same as the tutorial before, but more in detail!

* this tutorial extends the one bevore. We will now produce a „c1 major triad"
* you have to know, that there is not only one way, to calculate the tones of an octave. There are some different tonesystems, like: pythagoraean, harmonic, werckmeister, and so on...
* we will focus on a tonesystem, called „temperiert", because these tones are pure. Only math plays the rule, no other effects are included.
* here follows the list of multiplyers, to get from one tone to the other (thats only right for that tonesystem!):
c 1,0
cis 1,0595
d 1,1225
es 1,1892
e 1,2599
f 1,3348
fis 1,4142
g 1,4983
gis 1,5874
a 1,6818
b 1,7818
h 1,8877
c 2,0

* if you would know the frequency of „c1", it should be easy to you, to tune the „c1 major triad"!
* „c1" has 261,63hz
* write that value into the textfield of oscillator 1!
* then we need the „e1" . we will receive the value with the following calculation: c1[hz]*1,2599 = 261,63hz*1,2599 = 329,63hz
* write that value into the textfield of oscillator2 and adjust the volume to 0db!
* so, for a triad, we need the third tone. And the third tone should be a „g1", for our triad.
* through the calculation above, we receive the value 392,00hz
* as far as you filled in, your third tone, you can hear the „c1 major triad"!
* if you want, you could adjust the oscillator4 with an „c2". Ist the octave. You should know how it works...
* tip: you may lower the volume of the higher tones, because of the fact that the human ear hears higher frequencys louder than low and very high frequencys.

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

This is the crusherX-Live! Tutorial (c) by buero stelkens 2002

Step: 009-modulation1

Skill: easy

Topic: DCO-Modulation

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: we will describe and test the effect of modulation!

* in the tutorials before we discovered, how it sounds, when you add different sine-tones. so we had an octave and an chord!
* an other form of combining two tones is to multiply them! this effect is called modulation.
* in your Crusher-X-Live you have an extra slider for that effect! this slider is called „Mod". the slider is also in the „dco"-window.
* so, you will ask which two tones will be multiplied here? the answer is, that oscillator1 is getting modulated boy oscillator2, oscillator2 by oscillator3, and so on. oscillator4 gets modulated by oscillator1!
* take step005, and create your simple 440hz sine tone! then look at the frequence of oscillator2! write in 440hz, if it hasnt already been there!
* then go back to oscillator1 and pull the „mod"-slider slowly up and down! please look at the oscillograph while doing so!
* you will recognize, that the sound seems to get pitched, while pulling up.
* you simply discovered the way, how a pitch-tuner worked in the older days!

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

Step: 010-modulation2

Skill: easy

Topic: DCO-Modulation and Oscillator-Wave-Forms

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: that exercise will extend the tutorial bevore and we will introduce some other oscillator-wave-forms! all together will sound like an nintendo-juke-box!

* please repeat the step009-modulation1 tutorial!
* then go to the dco-window and activate oscillator1.
* now we will change the wave-form, and cklick on the pull-down-menue! change from „cos" to „rect". you will hear the difference! the new sound is much more crispy! please look at the oscillograph!
* now activate oscillator2 and change the frequency to 2hz! if you still have the „mod"-slider of oscillator1 at 100%, you will here a modulation, which repeats 2 times a second!
* now change the oscillator2 from „cos" to „triangle"
* then pull up the „mod"-slider!
* after that, please go to oscillator3 and write 2hz into the textfield!
* now, you simply have to change the sound, in the pull down menue to „rect"! and you will hear some kind of melody, which sounds like a gameboy...

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

Step: 011-random-oscillator1

Skill: easy

Topic: the oscillator with the wave-form: „random"

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: we will explain and test the random oscillator. the result will be a very noisy crusher-x-live-patch!

* we will start again with the pure sine-tone from step005-sine!
* to explore and see is exactly the random oscillator, you will have to drag the „freq."-slider down, to 0,01hz!
* now, please choose random in the pull-down-menu of oscillator1! the other oscillator should be down!
* to see, whats happening, please open the oscillograph-window with „shift+F4"! and stretch it, to see it better!
* you should hear and see uncontrolled clicks! the random oscillator causes values accidentally, and plays them! and if you have the frequency very low, there are less clicks than otherwise.
* to test the fact, you should push the „freq."-slider very very slowly up! you can do this with a right mouseclick! the better way, is, if you chose some values and write them in the textfield!
* you will recognize that you receive a loud noise! and thats the random noise!

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

Step: 012-random-oscillator2

Skill: middle

Topic: the oscillator with the wave-form: „random" and random-modulation

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: it will become still noisier, and we will now use the random to modulate the random-oscillator of the tutorial bevore!

* this time, we start with step011-random-oscillator1! open the patch, and we will go a little further!
* so, make sure that you hear a pure noise!
* now we will start to let that noise randomly modulated by oscillator2
* go to oscillator2 and select „random" in the pull-down-menu!
* write 0.01hz in the „freq."-textfield! make sure that, the volume-slider is down!
* now go back to oscillator1 and push the slider up! you will see, that the noise will get randomly disturbed, by the oscillator2!
* the next step is to do the same with oscillator3! pushthe frequency down to 0.01hz, select random, and push up the „mod"-slider of oscillator2!
* at that point, the random oscillator1 gets randomly modulated by oscillator2, and that modulation gets randomly modulated by oscillator3!
* to hear the differences between the modulations, you may now choose „rect" in the pull-down-menu of oscillator1. now, you should hear a clear rectangle-tone which gets sometimes disturbed by noise!
* you will understand that fact, when you remember that modulation is nothing else, than multiplying the different outputs! so, you the will be short parts of silence, short parts of rrectangle-tones, parts of noise, and lots of parts in between!

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

Step: 013-dco-shape

Skill: easy

Topic: we explore the dco-shape for each oscillator-form

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: to understand the dco, fully there is only the shape-slider left. now we will explore the change in sound with the shape-slider!

* once again, we have to start with step005! make shure, you hear a clear sine-tone!
* the most important tool, beside our ears is the oscillograph, for that exercise! so you should open that window, if it is not already opened! you open the oscillograph, with the hot-keys „shift+F4", or go to the „windows"-menu and click „show/hide oscillograph". you may also click on the „osc"-button in the „windows"-button-field, left behind the mixer!
* now start the cpu! we hear our good old sinetone! you should also see it on the oscillograph! for better seeing, you should stretch the oscillograph-window a lot! now you can see the sine-tone!
* you may test the „shape"-slider now! you will hear that it is the same as „pulsewidth" on some synthesizers! see how the sine-wave gets cut! and hear how you get a lot of „obertöne"!
* please do the same with the other oscillatorwaves, just as „saw", „triangle" and „rectangle"!

(c)buero stelkens

[freq]

Step: 014-morphing1

Skill: easy

Topic: the mysteryous „morphing“-slider

Sample-File: download from http://www.crusher-x.de/itutorial.htm

Overview: the morphing-slider is a central function for the time which is needed from one state to another.


* this time, let’s start again with step005!
* so, we hear our good old 440Hz sine tone!
* now, please move the „morphing“-slider more to the right! adjust to 10 seconds! so we have a morphing-time of 10s!
*as you might already guess, every change on the crusher will now last 10s!
* we will test the fact and tune up the frequency from 440Hz to 1000Hz, and hear the the tone doesn’t gets up to 1000Hz right in the moment, it slowly fades to it!
* for the time, the crusher does it, you will see a red-status moving from left to right, in the morphing-window.
* please use this function to listen to all the steps which are lying in between two different sounds!

questions to: jd@stelkens.de

(c)buero stelkens