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Not sure if there is a problem, and if so, whether it is a Sylenth1 or a Mulab problem.

Basically, the signal seems very hot. When I open Sylenth1, the bubbly default patch doesn't go into the red on the Sylenth1 meters, but makes both yellow LEDs light up most of the time, which I suppose is ideal. Yet, in Mulab there clearly is distortion and the Mulab meter shoots very high.

So, is Sylenth1's output hotter than its LEDs suggest? Or does it have to do with Mulab? If I turn down Mulab to about -3db, it sounds ideal.

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Sylenth1's output is (just like any other plug-ins output) a 32bit floating point signal, which has no output limit (it can be millions of times higher than your master output can handle, without clipping). The clipping only occurs in your DAW's master out, after mixing all 32bit floating point tracks.

The VU meters in Sylenth1 are calibrated to turn red when it would be clipping the master out if no other gain changes in the DAWs audio path would occur. However, it measures average values, so if you've got a really snappy sound it could still be slightly too loud without turning red very often. It does not give any guarantee clipping will not occur at your master out (because Sylenth1's output itself can not clip).

Of course you can turn down Sylenth1's output mix fader a bit to make sure there's less chance of clipping the master. It's even better use a good limiter plugin on your DAW's master output. This will prevent any plugin or track in your mix to cause clipping, and you can see exactly how loud your mix is.
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I see :)

I do have a limiter (ToneBoosters Barricade), but I never use it because I don't know how to set it up right. Audio dynamics has always been a riddle to me... :?

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Well, even at default settings, it'll already be a lot better than clipping your master out. It pays off to play around a bit with different gain settings so you can hear what it does.
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